There is a difference between having risposta negativa extradition treaty and not extraditing a citizen. Having an extradition treaty means that there is an established way to hand over criminals/suspects to a country requesting extradition. The mechanism is clear and all the rules about the process are transparent. France is https://trackbookmark.com/story19977685/nuovo-step-by-step-map-per-countries-with-no-us-extradition-treaty